Evaluation and prevention and control measures of urban public transport exposure risk under the influence of COVID-19-Taking Wuhan as an example.

BACKGROUND: Since December 2019, COVID-19 began to spread throughout the world for nearly two years. During the epidemic, the travel intensity of most urban residents has dropped significantly, and they can only complete inflexible travel such as "home to designated hospital" and "home to supermarket" and some special commuting trips. While ensuring basic travel of residents under major public health emergency, there is also a problem of high risk of infection caused by exposure of the population to the public transport network. For the discipline of urban transport, how to use planning methods to promote public health and reduce the potential spread of diseases has become a common problem faced by the government, academia and industry. METHOD: Based on the mobility perspective of travel agents, the spatial analysis methods such as topological model of bus network structure, centrality model of public transport network and nuclear density analysis are used to obtain the exposure risk and spatial distribution characteristics of public transport from two aspects of bus stops and epidemic sites. RESULTS: The overall spatial exposure risk of Wuhan city presents an obvious "multi center circle" structure at the level of bus stops. The high and relatively high risk stops are mainly transport hubs, shopping malls and other sites, accounting for 35.63%. The medium and low-risk stops are mainly the villages and communities outside the core areas of each administrative region, accounting for 64.37%. On the other hand, at the scale of epidemic sites, the coverage covers 4018 bus stops in Wuhan, accounting for 36.5% of all bus stops, and 169 bus lines, accounting for 39.9% of all routes. High risk epidemic sites are mainly concentrated in the core areas within the jurisdiction of Wuhan City, and in the direction of urban outer circle diffusion, they are mainly distributed in the low and medium risk epidemic sites. According to the difference of the risk level of public transport exposure, the hierarchical public transport control measures are formulated. DISCUSSION: This paper proposes differentiated prevention and control countermeasures according to the difference of risk levels, and provides theoretical basis and decision-making reference for urban traffic management departments in emergency management and formulation of prevention and control countermeasures.

How to Formulate Urban Public Transport Management Measures Under the Influence of COVID-19? -- Taking Wuhan as an Example

Ensuring the necessary service functions of public transport under the influence of the epidemic and providing support for blocking the spread of epidemics is an important research issue in urban traffic emergency management. In this paper, based on the public transport network and epidemic information data, considering the two aspects of bus stops and epidemic sites, integrating the spatial analysis methods such as the topological model of public transport network, the centrality model of public transport network and nuclear density analysis, the authors have constructed the risk assessment method of public transport exposure, and done the case study of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. The results show that the overall exposure risk of bus stops presents a "multi center circle" structure;high-risk and low-risk stops mainly rely on urban trunk roads and branches;high-risk and relatively high-risk stops are mostly traffic hubs and shopping malls, accounting for 35.63%, and medium and low-risk stops account for 64.37%, which are mainly distributed in the peripheral areas of urban core area;high-risk and low-risk sites are mainly distributed in the peripheral areas of urban core areas. Finally, according to the difference of public transport exposure risk level, the study puts forward to formulate classified public transport control measures to achieve differentiated precise prevention and control, so as to provide theoretical basis and decision-making reference for urban traffic management departments to carry out risk management and formulate management and control policy.